After the attempt shown in the previous log, I set the project on the back burner while I considered other possibilities.

After a few weeks, while browsing the interwebs, I came across M. Bindhammer's open source Arduino glucometer shield project. In his project, Bindhammer provided the schematic I had been trying to piece together from papers and patents (but lacked the electronics skill to do so). Here it is in all it's glory.

Needless to say I ordered the necessary parts and I plan to breadboard them before constructing a PCB.