A typical Arduino IDE has a serial monitor but the CLI doesn't have that option. After doing some digging I found I was able to mimic the monitor by way of a cat command. I hooked up the ultrasonic sensor and ran:

stty -F /dev/ttyUSB* 1000000 raw -clocal -echo
cat /dev/ttyUSB*

This allowed me to see in real-time what was going on with the sensor proving that they had interfaced properly. My next step is overlapping a keyboard with the sensor.