Came across this freely available article, basically information is stored efficiently by using color droplets.
The method should require less energy and encoding should be more efficient as there are more options than black and white (binary).

Links with prism scanning are as follows; droplets can be placed on the substrate using laser induced forward transfer and reading the information using hyper spectral imaging and laser microscope, see hyper spectral chips from imec.
Researchers so far used inkjet printing and a conventional microscope.
Security is also not mentioned in the article but it could be an interesting method to place a hidden finger print.