Pre-cursor: I don't know electronics very well. It blew my mind a couple years ago when I kind of learned how microcontrollers work. I'm learning all of this as I do it. It's one of the reasons I wanted to do this project. I'm still in the "connect a light bulb to the plus and the minus, and you get light!". Bare with me.
I wanted no compromises when it came to power. I thought I added a bit more from what people have built, but that's not the case. It's actually almost all compromises. I've divided it into a couple sections so I can understand it: Motors, ESCs, Batteries, BMS, Remote, and All Those Things I Forgot.
MOTORS:
After tons and tons of research, trying to match randomly sourced motors to what Boosted uses, I settled on safe choice. There are a lot of factors to take into consideration, like torque, speed, and voltage... and how that pushes/ pulls gear ratio, motor size, amperage pulled, and many other things. I decided that I don't have to do everything from scratch, so I looked at what others were using, and compared that to my own needs. This is what I decided upon.
PROS
- I think 190kv is a mid-ground in torque, with e-board motors ranging from 140kv - 260kv. General rule of thumb says that the lower the number, the more torque you have, but the slower you go.
- My 12s battery meets the maximum possible voltage.
- It's just skinny enough to fit two of these suckers on one truck.
- Long enough shaft to fit a 16mm wide belt
- SENSORED!! (more starting-from-stop torque)
CONS
- The 8mm shaft diameter is harder to find low teeth count gears for. Might have to drill some out.
- It's pretty large in diameter. I'm having to move quite a bit around to fit them.
- Expensive
ELECTRONIC SPEED CONTROLLERS:
The natural choice when surfing every e-board website, forum, or blog was any derivative of Benjamin Vedder's ESC. This guy built the thing just for us fools who want to kill ourselves on a motorized piece of wood. Plus they had em on sale when I bought the motors
PROS
- Start from stop capability
- Sensored motor compatability
- High amperage limit
- Regenerative braking
- Customization of every setting imaginable
- UART Communication when my programming skills improve
CONS
- Expensive
- Not perfect, 100% reliable, or plug and play,
- Customization of every setting imaginable
- Terrible GUI at best
BATTERIES
I wanted to learn everything from this project.. so why not learn how to weld batteries? Only if it was that easy. This was quite a struggle, balancing the capacity, max amperage draw,and manufacturer... and how that effected the places I could buy them, the amount I needed, who to trust, and how to charge them. I can only wish that I got this right.
x2 12s2p 18650 Battery Packs
Yeah, let me explain. 12s2p isn't nearly enough for TWO 190kv motors, but I was dumb and didn't calculate it all out. Basically, its 24 18650 cells in 2 parallel; meaning every two cells acts as one in voltage, but double it's capacity. Multiply that cell by 12, and you get the combined nominal voltage of 43.2 volts. Or, that's how I calculated it anyway.
I bought 50 LG Chem HD2 18650 cells, with the intention of making two 24 cell packs. I know, that means 2 BMS. My wallet knows that now. These cells have a nominal voltage of 3.6v with a 2000mAh capacity. What make these so expensive is their 25A continuous discharge. I hope that's enough. These are supposedly A-bin batteries, and only 6 months old, but we'll see.
BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
So, until I started this project, I only knew that you had to use a special charger to charge lipo batteries. I've learned a lot about different batteries and chemistry, form factors, different voltages per state, and balancing. I still don't understand most of it, but this is what I've got.
I'm not really sure how I found these guys, but I was impressed with their catalog of options and actual datasheets. After a bit of back and forth, they recommended this model. After a sketchy paypal transaction and two worrisome weeks, they arrived. I'm mounting these to the top of the battery sled so the entire unit can be hot swapped.
REMOTE:
Ever since I saw some guy using a wireless wii mote as controller, I've really wanted to that. I love how people made a connector that connects to the controller out of a pcb, and how programmable it is. After seeing the lack of wireless remotes on the market, I changed my mind.
Torqueboards 2.4ghz Nano Remote
I saw this on the diyelectricskateboard site when I was shopping for the motors, and at the time, it was on sale. I would have had to wait for another order of wiimote adapters, and find a wiimote, so I just chose this thing.
ALL THOSE THINGS I FORGOT:
No-Spark Switch
Until a couple weeks ago, I didn't even think about how much amperage I was pulling, nor how that related to the switch. Honestly I imagined I was going to use some cheap LED switch off of amazon. Had I gone that route, It would probably either melt the switch, or weld it together. The best choice is the Vedder No-Spark switch, and man, there are so many versions and arguments about it. I thought his original design was straightforward enough, so I'm going to cut it on my PCB mill and use surface mount components. My roommate has quite the setup, so I think my tooling should be covered.
USB Control
I'm probably going to be making quite a few adjustments in the field, and I really don't want to pull the cover off every time. I'm going to use a surface mount a USB cable extender that plugs into the master VESC.
Charger
Yeah, totally forgot I have to charge the thing. Alibaba seems like the best selection of 43.2v chargers, but it certainly isn't in my comfort zone. We'll see how this turns out.
Plugs
Ok, I didn't really forget, but I did wait until now to think about it. I've found 6 pin aviation connectors on my stock of crap, and I did source MT60 connectors for the motors (I really like the shape). I need to choose a charging plug. I'm using 10 gauge wire for everything before the ESC, and 12 after it.
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