While thinking about what a minimum safe shelter would consist of, I reflected of my time on the streets, and remembered something; culverts are a great place to sleep, especially with a 'mattress' of leaves/etc. They are sturdy, small enough to hold some heat in (with cardboard blocking the ends), and fairly secure, in that it is difficult to attack someone in one.
From there, I came up with the basic idea: a 2m section of (75cm? 1m?) plastic pipe - the kind used for sewers/etc. - with one end sealed, and a door at the other with an almost smooth pull (so attackers can't get a solid grip) and a sliding bolt on the inside. Bolted to railroad ties/concrete blocks/etc., they could be deployed almost anywhere, giving those who need them a safe place to rest.
Those I've talked to about the idea are all 100% for it, especially the homeless. I have more developed ideas involving this basic concept, right up to 'The Shire', which involves even things like electronics and permaculture that I'll post later. Ciao!
Hmmm... Just came across this: http://www.dasparkhotel.net/?lang=EN Perhaps concrete would work well for some of the shires. It would certainly be an excellent mass for a rocket stove mass heater setup.