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    int i=0; //Integer to store the locomotive's speed at a scale from 0 to 255.
int switchLimit = 80;// Integer to store the speed limit at which the train will enter the siding.


void check_n_switch(){
  if(digitalRead(A0)==HIGH){//Checking if the sensor detects the train passing the sensored track.
  if(i<=switchLimit){//If the speed value is greater than the set value.
    switch_to_pass();//Direct the train to the siding.
  }
  if(i>switchLimit){//If the speed value is less than the set value.
    switch_to_main();//Direct the train to the mainline.
  }
}
}

void switch_to_pass(){
  digitalWrite(11,LOW);
  digitalWrite(12,HIGH);  
  delay(200);
  digitalWrite(12,LOW);
}

void switch_to_main(){
  digitalWrite(12,LOW);
  digitalWrite(11,HIGH);   
  digitalWrite(11,HIGH);  
  delay(200);
  digitalWrite(11,LOW);

}
void setup() {
  pinMode(A0,INPUT);
  pinMode(9,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(10,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(11,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(12,OUTPUT);
  
}

void loop() {
       
      switch_to_pass();//Switching turnouts to the siding since the train will start the journey fro there.
      
      for(i=0;i<=40;i++){//Increasing the speed of the locmotive to 40, at this speed the lights turn on but the train remains at rest.
        analogWrite(9,i);
        delay(10);
      }

     delay(1000);

      for(i=40;i<=90;i++){//Increasing the speed of the locomotive to 90
        analogWrite(9,i);
        check_n_switch();
        delay(500);
      }
    
    delay(4000);
    
      for(i=90;i<=180;i++){//Increasing the speed of the locomotive to 180.
        analogWrite(9,i);
        check_n_switch();
        delay(250);
      }

    delay(5000);
    
      for(i=200;i!=90;i--){//Decreasing the speed of the locmotive back to 90.
        analogWrite(9,i);
        check_n_switch();
        delay(500);
      }

     delay(5000);

     while(digitalRead(A0)==LOW){//Wait for the train to cross the sensored track.
    
     }

     switch_to_pass();//Switch the turnouts to direct the train to the siding.
   
   delay(10000);//Wait for the train to enter the siding.

    
   
     for(i=90;i!=50;i--){//Reduce the speed of the train gradually, bringing it to a halt.
        analogWrite(9,i);
        delay(500);
      }

      delay(2000);
     
      for(i=50;i!=0;i--){
        analogWrite(9,i);
        delay(62);
      }

      delay(5000);//Wait for 5 seconds before repeating the whole process again.
      
    }