Let's make it 200 Wh for a pair, something Li-Ion cells are very unhappy about at -20°C .. 0°C. Thus, either candle-based heaters or catalytic ovens are appropriate heat sources. Candles maybe even more so, since they are not picky, don't spill and don't smell like mineral spirits when stored indoors.
The picture below shows work boots without their inner shoes after having a catalytic pocket oven in them for an hour. Clearly, the convective air exchange is such that the heel area remains cold and wet. Time to start working on a heat exchanger.
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