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• Details on keyboard

  SHAOS • 04/09/2018 at 01:24 • 4 comments

  Keyboard is connected similarly to ZX-Spectrum - 8 bits from address bus ( other bits by the way ; ) trough diodes goes to key matrix and come back through data bus (if address space is 0x8000...0x9FFF):

  data bus bits ======>	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
  bit 0 from address bus	[S]	[F]	ENTER	+	-	Home	End	RESET
  bit 1 from address bus	O ;	P ,	.	3	6	9	*	(reserved)
  bit 2 from address bus	L	ANS	2	5	8	/	PgUp	PgDn
  bit 3 from address bus	=	EE	0	1	4	7	AC	(reserved)
  bit 4 from address bus	STOP	INS	DEL	MODE	Up	Down	Left	Right
  bit 5 from address bus	Q !	W "	E #	R $	T (	Y )	U ?	I :
  bit 6 from address bus	A	S	D	F	G	H	J	K
  bit 7 from address bus	Z	X	C	V	B	N	M	SPACE

  Scanning is done by reading from memory range 0x8000...0x9FFF and "0" in any address bits 0...7 will be retranslated into data bus if any key in that row is pressed. Recommended way to read from keyboard is reading from 8 address locations - 0x9FFE (bit 0 is zero), 0x9FFD (but 1 is zero), 0x9FFB (bit 2 is zero), 0x9FF7 (bit 3 is zero), 0x9FEF (bit 4 is zero), 0x9FDF (bit 5 is zero), 0x9FBF (bit 6 is zero) and 0x9F7F (bit 7 is zero). If nothing is pressed byte FF will be read. Otherwise proper bit will be reset to indicate which particular key was pressed. For example:

  LDA 9F7F ; read 7th row (bit 7 is zero) to A
  ANI 80H ; mask 7th bit in response
  JZ SPACE ; jump if zero - SPACE pressed 
  

• 8085 code to display static text

  SHAOS • 04/05/2018 at 06:56 • 0 comments

  In order to show something on the screen (something static as READY P0 from one of the pictures) we need to repeat below code 8 times - for every horizontal of the screen (LEDs and 7-segment indicators are horizontal 0):
  

  3E MVI A,10h ; write XXXXO to 1st register
  10
  D3 OUT 1
  01
  3E MVI A,00h ; write XXXXX to 2nd register
  00
  D3 OUT 2
  02
  3E MVI A,11h ; write OXXXO to 3rd register
  11
  D3 OUT 3
  03
  3E MVI A,18h ; write XXXOO to 4th register
  18
  D3 OUT 4
  04
  3E MVI A,0Eh ; write XOOOX to 5th register
  0E
  D3 OUT 5
  05
  3E MVI A,1Fh ; write OOOOO to 6th register
  1F
  D3 OUT 6
  06
  3E MVI A,10h ; write XXXXO to 7th register
  10
  D3 OUT 7
  07
  3E MVI A,11h ; write OXXXO to 8th register
  11
  D3 OUT 8
  08
  3E MVI A,1Fh ; write OOOOO to 9th register
  1F
  D3 OUT 9
  09
  3E MVI A,1Fh ; write OOOOO to 10th register
  1F
  D3 OUT 10
  0A
  3E MVI A,1Fh ; write OOOOO to 11th register
  1F
  D3 OUT 11
  0B
  3E MVI A,1Fh ; write OOOOO to 12th register
  1F
  D3 OUT 12
  0C
  3E MVI A,0FDh ; 11111101 <<<< highlight proper horizontal line (here it's 1st one)
  FD
  D3 OUT 0
  00
  3E MVI A,100 ; wait 100 times (1400 cycles or 0.56 ms in case of 2.5 MHz clock)
  64
  3D DCR A <---\
  CZ JNZ ------/
  XX
  XX
  3E MVI A,0FFh ; 11111111 <<<< remove indication
  FF
  D3 OUT 0
  00
  ; and so on for FB,F7,EF,DF,BF,7F and FE (LEDs and 7-segments)
  
  
  

  As you can see this code works from ROM and doesn't need RAM at all, so all displayed text (that's actually graphics) is hard-coded into the code

  It's refreshing whole screen about 190 times per second

  P.S. I created a public chat for this project: https://hackaday.io/messages/room/229637

• External memory connector?

  SHAOS • 04/01/2018 at 01:34 • 4 comments

  As you can see I plan to have 8K of external memory (like a cartridge or something) in the address range 0x6000...0x7FFF, so question is - what should it be physically? Connector must have 2 power signals (+5V and GND), 13 address signals (to cover 8K address range), 8 data signals and also 3 control signals: /CS, /RD, /WR, so total is 26. 

  Should it be 1 row of pins? 2 rows of pins? Male? Female? D-SUB connector? Edge connector? Or may be something else? Please share you thoughts in comments below! Thank you ;)

• Keyboard test

  SHAOS • 03/28/2018 at 05:26 • 2 comments

  Now time to print something:

  and test keyboard :)

• More lights

  SHAOS • 03/24/2018 at 07:43 • 0 comments

  all 5x7 LED matrix installed:

  and it's working :)

  video:

  it executes this program (and eats 500-900 mA):

  .i8080
     org   0
     mvi   a,0FFh
     out   0
     mvi   b,0
  loop:
     mov   a,b
     rrc
     rrc
     rrc
     out   1
     out   2
     out   3
     out   4
     out   5
     out   6
     out   7
     out   8
     out   9
     out   10
     out   11
     out   12
     inr   b
     nop
     mvi   c,9
     mvi   d,7Fh
  loop1:
     mov   a,d
     out   0
     stc
     rar
     mov   d,a  
     lxi   h,100
  loop2:   ; total 24
     dcx   h      ; 5
     mov   a,h    ; 5
     ora   l      ; 4
     jnz   loop2  ; 10 
     dcr   c
     jnz   loop1
     jmp   loop

• Lights

  SHAOS • 03/18/2018 at 23:03 • 1 comment

  And it's time to fire some lights :)

  This test eats up to 450 mA
  

  P.S. Still waiting for other components to finish all 12 characters of the display...

• Cherry MX

  SHAOS • 03/14/2018 at 05:51 • 0 comments

  Here I use Cherry MX keyswitches:

  Where can I order "custom" Cherry MX caps? Handwriting doesn't look right :)

  P.S. It looks like I've just found the way: 

  http://www.wasdkeyboards.com/index.php/products/printed-keycap-singles/custom-text-cherry-mx-keycaps.html
  

• nedoPC-85-MK v1.0 boards received

  SHAOS • 03/13/2018 at 02:14 • 0 comments

  Now it's time to build something cool ;)

  Unfortunately I don't have schematics for this one - I drew PCB as is (using pcb from GEDA) based on original nedoPC-85-A schematics with some thoughts from my mind regarding MK85 cloning - so the thing is I started to forget my ideas, so I think now I need to reverse-engineer my own board to re-create schematics from it...

• nedoPC-85-MK v1.0

  SHAOS • 02/04/2018 at 19:27 • 0 comments

  This one could be a standalone 8085-based computer with Cherry-MX keyboard on board, 12 5x7 LED matrices and 6 7-segment indicators with some additional indication and stereo-audio output (2 channels with 4 bit per channel):

  Intended to resemble look of Elektronika MK-85 and CASIO FX-700P (also known as CASIO PB-100 or "RadioShack TRS-80 pocket computer"), but my board is slightly bigger (14x6") and it has more PC-like keyboard layout to make it looks like a real computer with optional backlight :)

  P.S. There is a possibility to make a true Elektronika MK-85 clone from it with help of additional board with PDP-11 compatible Soviet processor 1801VM2 (still available on ebay) with original firmware (MK-85 was PDP-11 compatible pocket computer produced from 1986 to 2000 that run BASIC interpreter similar to CASIO FX-700P)...

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