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Long Range RC Research Rover

Long-Range RC Truck Project

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This project is focused on developing an autonomous, long-range RC truck with modular capabilities for FPV, telemetry, AI-based navigation, and aerial drone deployment.

🔧 Key Features:
✔ ArduPilot-controlled ground vehicle with waypoint navigation
✔ Dual-receiver system (L9R for control, X8R for accessories)
✔ Smart telemetry using SiK (real-time) & LoRa (long-range backup)
✔ FPV system for remote driving & reconnaissance
✔ Obstacle avoidance using Lidar & ultrasonic sensors
✔ Modular drone launch & recovery system for aerial missions
✔ Solar charging & sleep mode for long-term operations
✔ 5G connectivity & AI-based terrain analysis using the Particle Tachyon SBC

🛠 Phase 1: Core Optimizations & Reliability Testing (5 Weeks)

🎯 Goal: Get the truck fully operational, test telemetry, GPS, and waypoint navigation.

Component Installation & Setup

  • Mount ESC, UBEC, SpeedyBee F405W, Receivers, and GPS
  • Wire ESC to motor, UBEC to accessories, and power distribution
  • Bind Taranis X10 to dual receivers (L9R & X8R) and configure failsafe

Software & Calibration

  • Flash ArduPilot Rover firmware via QGroundControl
  • Configure radio channels, motor mapping, and failsafe settings
  • Enable barometer, IMU, and GPS in QGroundControl
  • Set up battery voltage telemetry for QGroundControl & Taranis X10

Bench & Manual Drive Testing

  • Ensure GPS lock & IMU calibration
  • Test manual mode driving and refine steering & throttle response
  • Monitor motor/ESC temps & battery drain

Waypoint Navigation Testing

  • Set up a basic waypoint route and test navigation
  • Analyze telemetry logs to refine navigation performance

🔋 Phase 2: Custom Battery & Power Optimization (4 Weeks)

🎯 Goal: Improve battery endurance and enable extended operations.

Replace Temporary 3S Battery with Custom 3S 18650 Li-ion Pack

  • Assemble 3S 18650 pack with Daly BMS
  • Optimize low-voltage cutoff settings for maximum efficiency

Telemetry & Power Optimization

  • Install INA219 Current Sensor for live power tracking
  • Optimize throttle curves & braking behavior
  • Tune gear mesh (14T pinion & 86T spur) for best efficiency

Endurance Testing

  • Run a long-distance test (target: 30-minute runtime)
  • Monitor battery drain over time & adjust power settings
  • Evaluate heat buildup in ESC, motor, and UBEC

📡 Phase 3: FPV & Remote Monitoring (4 Weeks)

🎯 Goal: Add live video & extend telemetry range.

FPV Camera & Video Transmission

  • Install RunCam Thumb (1080p Recording + FPV Output)
  • Test ESP32-CAM or Raspberry Pi Camera for live feed
  • Configure 5.8GHz Video Transmitter (VTX) for long-range FPV

Telemetry Upgrades

  • Install Holybro SiK Telemetry Module (915MHz) for real-time MAVLink data
  • Install MicoAir LR900-F LoRa Telemetry Module (915MHz) for long-range status tracking
  • Add onboard OLED/TFT display for system status

🚗 Phase 4: Obstacle Avoidance & Smart Navigation (5 Weeks)

🎯 Goal: Improve terrain handling & environmental awareness.

Obstacle Avoidance Sensors

  • Install Lidar (TF-Luna or TFmini-S) for object detection (1–8m range)
  • Add Ultrasonic Sensors (HC-SR04) for short-range (0.5–3m) avoidance
  • Integrate with ArduPilot Object Avoidance System

Autonomous Navigation Enhancements

  • Enable Terrain Following using GPS + Barometer
  • Implement smart route adjustments when obstacles are detected
  • Test advanced waypoint missions with adaptive movement

Particle Tachyon Integration (LoRa + 5G Remote Control)

  • Configure LoRa image transmission for remote snapshots
  • Enable 5G-based remote control via the Tachyon SBC
  • Test remote control latency and image quality over 5G

🌞 Final Phase: Drone Launch & Solar Charging (8+ Weeks)

🎯 Goal: Enable self-sustained, modular expansion with aerial capabilities.

Autonomous Drone Module

  • Design & install a 5-inch autonomous drone launch platform
  • Sync mission coordination between truck & drone in ArduPilot
  • Implement precision landing via ArUco markers or IR beacons
  • Develop wireless charging pad & docking system

Solar Charging & Sleep Mode

  • Install 10W–30W Solar Panel for truck power replenishment
  • Connect MPPT Charge Controller for efficient 3S battery charging
  • Implement LUA scripting to trigger sleep mode at low battery
  • Program ESP32-based wake-up sequence for mission resume

🧠 Phase 5 (Wishlist): Advanced AI & Smart Automation

🎯 Goal: Utilize AI & Machine Learning for improved terrain analysis & autonomous decision-making.

AI-Based Terrain Analysis with Particle Tachyon SBC

  • Use OpenCV for real-time terrain classification
  • Train AI model for smart route adjustments
  • Implement obstacle recognition via machine learning...
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  • 1 × Hobbywing QuicRun WP 10BL60 G2 ESC Waterproof 60A brushless ESC
  • 1 × Surpass Hobby KK 3650 2050KV Brushless Motor Low RPM, high torque
  • 1 × Robinson Racing 14T 48P Aluminum Pinion Gear Matches 86T spur
  • 1 × 86T 48P Spur Gear Included with Traxxas chassis
  • 1 × 3S 2200mAh LiPo Battery Temporary power source

View all 26 components

  • Powertrain Testing - Drive Testing

    Elijah Radant03/17/2025 at 21:40 0 comments

    Final Transmitter Setup

    With the transmitter situation figured out, I moved onto pairing the X8R receiver without issue.

    I configured throttle/steering inputs and mixes on the transmitter, and set the servo inputs in Ardurover.

    M80 GPS Module generating 3D fix.

    ESC min/max/reverse calibrated - Transmitter calibrated in mission planner.

    Assembled prototype body, fixed ESC in front portion. Printed FC mounting board for quick access on the top. Includes 4 vertical holes for carbon fiber antenna trees. Mounting receiver and GPS high on the vehicle for initial range testing.

    Next Steps:

    Receive/Configure MAVlink radios

    Test VL53L0X ToF sensors - test multiplexing

    Autonomous waypoint mission test

    Waypoint updates mid-mission testing

    Obstacle avoidance 

    Powertrain range testing (2200 MaH, 5k MaH, 10k MaH

  • Transmitter Configuration

    Elijah Radant03/14/2025 at 17:02 0 comments

    I flashed the X8R receiver with ACCST V2.1 firmware from X9D Transmitter to ensure latest version was loaded. I selected a Taranis Horus X10/X10S transmitter for this project. The unit I purchased came from ebay and had FrOS installed by default. I updated this to EdgeTX 2.10 Centurion before trying any bind operations. I downloaded the IJXT Module firmware upgrade for ACCST V2.1 and loaded it onto the SD card. When trying to flash the internal module, I kept getting "module not responding". I believed this could have been an issue with EdgeTX not being able to flash internal modules. I decided to reflash the firmware using OTX Companion, using 2.3.15. After reverting, I still could not flash the internal module. I spent several hours troubleshooting and believed the internal radio might be bricked, which was a huge bummer. Thought I may have to flash it directly using an ST Link tool. I know the X10/X10S shipped with an XJT module, but the X10 Express shipped with the newer ISRM module. There is an upgrade module that can be installed to enable ACCESS and ACCST. So I loaded the ISRM firmware onto the transmitter. This flashed successfully. I believe what happened here was the original X10 unit was upgraded with an ISRM module, but this was not noticed or listed by the ultimate seller. The radio itself was not displaying the module firmware, so it may have been flashed incorrectly in the past. Now that the transmitter's internal module has firmware matching the X8R, bind testing can commence.

  • Update 2

    Elijah Radant03/11/2025 at 21:46 0 comments

    The following Parts Arrived:

    Speedybee F405W Flight Controller: Flashed with Ardurover firmware

    Holybro SiK Telemetry Modules: procured from aliexpress - FTDI chipset - radios link, but no heartbeat detected. May be due to "unbranded" modules or mismatching firmware. Swapping for Holybro official branded telemetry modules.

    MicroAir m10 ultra UBLOX gps: Does not power up when plugged in, tested other GPS module and it works. Believe this unit to be defective.

    Hobbywing 10BL60 ESC: requires programming, led program card ordered

    14t Pinion Gear

    Lighting Harnesses

    Still to arrive:

    X8R reciever: first powered test can commence once receiver setup is complete

    HobbyWing LED Program Card: needed to set ESC params

    HolyBro SiK Telemetry Modules: replacement units

    Summary:

    The project has officially entered integration hell. Two main parts of the planned configuration are not working: SiK and GPS, both of which are critical to this project. The SiK modules connect to one another, but I am unable to get data in mission planner. No heartbeat is detected, and I cannot load the settings on the radios. It's possible they have corrupted bootloaders, mismatched firmware, etc. For the time being I am connecting to the FC via USB to set configuration parameters. I am continuing to adjust failsafes, RTH modes, etc while more parts arrive.

    Regarding the body, prototype body parts have been printed and are being fitted. Carbon fiber tubing used to pin all body sections together are on the way. Additional consideration is needed to separate the FC/receiver/other electronics into water resistant compartments on either side of the battery bay. The ESC is waterproof and is going in the forward hatch of the body, directly above the steering servo. There is a 40mm firewall fan between the forward hatch between the wheels and the main electronics and battery compartment just forward of the back wheels. There is an additional 40mm fan modeled into the top of the forward hatch, but this may not be needed. TPU seals and gaskets are being designed for areas where joined parts may allow for dust or moisture entry.

    While I have experience setting up RC vehicles, I am wholly unfamiliar with SiK/Mavlink and expect to spend most time resolving this issue before I move too far forward as it is a base requirement of the project. In the meantime, I will program the ESC, bind the receiver to transmitter, set throttle min/max, and test output channels and manual vehicle control.

  • Phase 1 - Obtain Parts

    Elijah Radant02/27/2025 at 20:04 0 comments

    ✅ Acquired Parts (Already Purchased)

    1. Traxxas 1:10 Chassis – Base frame with 100mm shocks
    2. 3D Printed Custom Body – Lightweight custom enclosure
    3. Surpass Hobby KK 3650 2050KV Motor – Brushless motor for efficiency
    4. Hobbywing QuicRun WP 10BL60 G2 ESC – Waterproof brushless ESC
    5. Robinson Racing 14T 48P Aluminum Pinion Gear – Durable aluminum pinion
    6. Hobbywing UBEC 10A – 5V power regulator for accessories
    7. FrSky Taranis X10 – Transmitter for control
    8. FrSky L9R Receiver – Primary receiver for throttle & steering
    9. FrSky X8R Receiver – Secondary receiver for accessories
    10. Particle Tachyon SBC – 5G remote control & AI processing (~$199.00, Particle Store)

    🛒 Needed Parts (Still to Buy)

    1. BN-880 GPS ModuleGPS for waypoint navigation (~$19.99, Pyrodrone)
    2. Holybro SiK Telemetry Radio V3 (915MHz) – Real-time MAVLink telemetry (~$29.99, Holybro)
    3. MicoAir LR900-F LoRa Telemetry Module – Long-range status tracking (~$60.99, MicoAir)
    4. 3S 18650 Li-ion Cells (x15) – Custom battery pack for extended runtime (~$7.00, Amazon/AliExpress)
    5. Daly 3S 20A BMS – Battery management system (~$18.00, AliExpress)
    6. RunCam Thumb FPV Camera – 1080p recording + FPV feed (~$49.99, RunCam)
    7. 5.8GHz Video Transmitter (VTX) – Long-range FPV transmission (~$35.00, AliExpress)
    8. TF-Luna Lidar Sensor – Obstacle detection (1-8m range) (~$39.99, AliExpress)
    9. HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor (x2) – Short-range obstacle detection (~$5.99, Amazon/AliExpress)
    10. 10W-30W Solar Panel – Solar power for energy replenishment (~$30.00, Amazon)
    11. MPPT Charge Controller – Efficient solar charging for 3S battery (~$40.00, AliExpress)

    Phase 1 has started. 3D printed body prototypes are being designed and fitted. Goals for the project are now defined clearly.


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okagarage6 wrote 03/08/2025 at 05:29 point

Will you share the source files of the project?

  Are you sure? yes | no

Elijah Radant wrote 03/11/2025 at 21:48 point

Yes absolutely - I'm still altering parts daily, so I am just waiting to get to a more final configuration before I upload source files.

  Are you sure? yes | no

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