The goal is to build a working model of a VW type 1 engine and transaxle with internal parts. The engine will be driven by an electric motor embedded in the starter. The scale is 1/2.5 and the parts will be 3D printed except for things like valve springs, push rods and electric motor. The parts will be assembled using screws and metal inserts. The engine is a 1600cc displacement with aftermarket carburetors and exhaust.
This project is downloadable for free on Printables. There are 11 sub-model components that make up this entire model. If you go to my collections you can see all 11 sub-models as one collection.
Details
The instructions, parts list and required hardware are all out on Printables. There is an overview of each sub-model below in the logs.
What makes the whole thing go is the electric motor in the starting motor. Here are the parts.
This installs into the transaxle and the gear meshes with the flywheel which turns everything.
You can see the wires, covered in sheathing, that plugs into the stand. In the stand base is a motor speed controller and two connections, one that goes to the starter and one that accepts a 12v transformer input.
The transaxle bolts to the stand and then the engine bolts to the transaxle.
The transaxle was the only part of this engine that I never cracked open so it was all new to me. The drive shaft from the clutch goes over the axle driving part to the far end where the gears of the transmission portion are located and then power goes back towards the engine where the axle portion is located. Here is the drive shaft going over the top of the axle portion. You can see in most cases I used brass inserts to make assembly and disassembly easy.
The gears in the transmission portion are printed separately and stacked. What I found out was the friction between these parts was too great to make them turn and actually shift so these parts are realistic but not functional in that they don't turn.
There are two stacks of gears and a third reverse gear shaft. Here you can see two of the shifter shafts.
And the reverse shifter.
These are the two gear stacks meshed together.
In the other end is the throwout bearing.
Inside the middle is the ring and piñon. Here are the parts.
The carburetors are high end performance EMPI parts. There are two carbs. These have moving accelerator plates, accelerator pumps, floats and air filters. Special springs are required to make the throttle assembly go back to idle, just like the real thing. There are a lot of assembly pictures, this is just some of them.
The ignition has removable spark plugs, spark plug wires that are made out of flexible silicon wire and internal distributor parts. I decided not to have the distributor rotate.
The engine is air cooled and surrounded by tin. These parts are fairly thin. The largest part, and the one that drove the scale is the fan housing which can be printed on a standard 210x210mm printer. The underside of the tin is an aftermarket type that allows for an aftermarket header exhaust. Here are the parts.
The crankshaft and camshaft consist of many parts that are bolted together with bearings throughout. This is the crankshaft and its parts.
And the camshaft and its parts. This engine is interesting in that the boxer design allows it to share camshaft lobes between opposing cylinders. In other words, there are 8 valves that need lifting and only four lobes on the camshaft.
Here is the case half with the through studs that hold the case halves together around the crankshaft.
The cylinder sleeves go onto outer studs just like the real thing.
The valves have valve springs to they move as the engine rotates.
The rocker arm has adjustable backlash bolts just like the real thing.