The Laser is a water cooled UV laser with a wave length of 355 nm. It is a q-switched diode pumped Nd:YAG laser with frequency tripling. The average output power is < 2W. The pulses have a width of some nanoseconds and several kilowatts of power. The ablation process for many materials is a photo chemical process rather than a thermal process. For my applications I use average powers far below 1 W. 1.3 W is sufficient for cutting 0.3 mm of steel!

I needed to refurbish the laser by replacing the pump diodes.

The xy-stage is of very high precision.

The machine is controlled by a Trocen Anywell AWC708C laser controller, designed for CO2 lasers, which I had to modify for usage in combination with the Nd:YAG laser. It's a stand alone controller. The software LaserCAD allows communication between the computer and the controller and to draw geometry, add text and images, although I primarily use LibreCAD under linux for these tasks.

The letters LASE on the picture above have half the height of a hairs diameter: ~ 30 µm

https://www.dropletwatch.com/circuit-pcb

If you scroll down, you'll find a description of how I make PCBs with the laser

https://www.dropletwatch.com/display

Here you will find a description of how ITO is structured and how photosensitive epoxy is exposed