One of the main challenges was allowing the RFID reader and PIR sensor to operate together without causing delays. The firmware had to continuously monitor both devices while remaining responsive.

PIR sensors are sensitive to environmental changes. Careful sensor placement and timing adjustments helped reduce false triggers caused by temperature fluctuations and unnecessary movement.

Reading RFID tags consistently required proper positioning of the reader and stable communication between the Arduino and the MFRC522 module.This is better for security because nobody can access it without the user authentication ID.

Visual indicators and audible alerts were added so users could immediately determine whether access was granted or an alarm had been triggered. This smart security system is user friendly and approved by the users.