I have the 'basics' of this working together. For now, that means that I can track the temperature, view the current and desired temperature on a 3.5" touchscreen, activate a relay to turn on the burner, and log when the burner is on or off. There's no packaging yet, as I have to figure out some kind of enclosure to put this all together, Here's a shot of all the components wired together (except the relay to the actual burner).

Also, here is the circuit I used to drive the relay and activate the burner.

So far I've had everything running for about 20 hours, and it mimics my regular home thermostat pretty closely.