I'm sure we've all seen Brushed DC (BDC) motors at some point - those little silver stumps with a blunt needle on one and and two wires on the other. These are by far the most common type of motor you'll come across because they're cheap, easy to control and readily-available. They're often called toy or hobby motors because both their cost and ease of use make them great for toys.

PROS

• $ - Cheapest relative to others in the talk
• Simple control is easy, sophisticated control relatively easy
• Wide-range of form factors
• Low to high torque/voltage options
• Add-on options like gear boxes & encoders readily available

CON

• Brushes can go bad (but those with replaceable brushes are a PRO)
• Not good for very precise motion
• Fairly-good speed control requires controllers and closed-loop systems
• Internal magnets can be too heavy for some applications