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PennySanding.jpg
Three post-1982 pennies, sandpaper, and lots of elbow grease!
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69.50 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:20
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PennyZincCore1.jpg
The zinc core is peeping through
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74.72 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:20
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PennyZincCore2.jpg
Seven minutes later, the copper coating is almost gone
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82.70 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:20
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HydrogenReduction.jpg
Dropping a penny with exposed zinc core into household vinegar to estimate self-discharge rate for a Volta pile with that electrolyte (found to be weeks)
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28.54 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:20
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SandPaper.jpg
Different sandpaper grit. There was no obvious winner.
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22.41 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:20
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CoffeeFilterSeparator.jpg
Handy separator material for the Galvanic cells
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11.54 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:20
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VoltaPileVoltage.jpg
Almost 1.7 V open-circuit voltage, or 0.55 V per cell.
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62.89 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:12
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LitLED.jpg
The penny Volta pile lights a red LED!
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31.19 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:12
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FinishedVoltaPile.jpg
The sandwiched pennies and separators make a Volta pile!
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27.85 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:12
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SeparatorSoaking.jpg
Soak the separator in household vinegar
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46.83 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:12
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PileEndsWithLeadsInside.jpg
Inside of Volta-pile ends. One is copper (positive end of battery), the other is zinc (negative end of battery).
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69.12 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:11
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PileEndsWithLeadsOutside.jpg
Leads soldered to outside of the Volta-pile ends
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86.56 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:11
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PenniesExposedZinc.jpg
Three pennies with the zinc core exposed on one side
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80.65 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:11
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SeparatorTrimming2.jpg
More separator trimming
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36.11 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:11
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SeparatorTrimming1.jpg
Cut the separator down to the diameter of a penny
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27.66 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:11
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SeparatorPizzaSlice.jpg
Folded coffee filter used as Galvanic-cell separator
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20.82 kB -
06/09/2020 at 00:08
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Johan Carlsson